SVG 动画

描边动画

描边动画原理

SVG 描边动画主要与以下 3 个属性相关。

• stroke="<paint>" : 定义图形元素的外轮廓的颜色。它的默认值是 none 。
• stroke-dasharray="<dasharray>" : 控制用来描边的点划线的图案范式。
  • <dasharray> : 它是一个 <length> 和 <percentage> 数列，数与数之间用逗号或者空白隔开，指定短划线和缺口的长度。如果提供了奇数个值，则这个值的数列重复一次，从而变成偶数个值。因此，5,3,2 等同于 5,3,2,5,3,2 。
• stroke-dashoffset="<percentage> | <length> | inherit" : 指定了 dash 模式到路径开始的距离。如果使用了一个百分比值，那么这个值就代表了当前 viewport(视口) 的一个百分比。

SVG 描边动画通过 stroke-dashoffset 和 stroke-dasharray 来实现。

• 通过 stroke-dasharray 将实线部分增加至全长。
• 通过 stroke-dashoffset 来移动新增的实线部分，造成线段移动的效果。

示例如下：

stroke-dasharray 和 stroke-dashoffset 的值都为 300 ， dash 模式开始的距离(stroke-dashoffset)为 300 ，正好对应描边的点划线(stroke-dasharray)的缺口，则该线段为不可见的状态。当将 stroke-dashoffset 设置为 0 的时候，该线段则可以显示出来。

<svg
  x="0px"
  y="0px"
  width="300px"
  height="100px"
  viewBox="0 0 300 100"
  class="svg"
>
  <line x1="20" y1="50" x2="200" y2="50" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></line>
</svg>

<style type="text/css">
  .svg line {
    stroke-dasharray: 300, 300;
    stroke-dashoffset: 300;
    transition: all 2s linear;
  }
  .svg.active line {
    visibility: visible;
    stroke-dashoffset: 0;
    transition: all 2s linear;
  }
</style>

<script type="text/javascript">
  window.onload = function () {
    var svgDOM = document.getElementsByClassName('svg')[0]
    svgDOM.classList.add('active')
  }
</script>

实例

<button class="stroke-edge-btn">开始动画</button>
<svg
  class="checkmark"
  style="display: none"
  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
  viewBox="0 0 52 52"
>
  <circle class="checkmark__circle" cx="26" cy="26" r="25" fill="none" />
  <path
    class="checkmark__check"
    fill="none"
    stroke="#fff"
    d="M 14.1 27.2 l 7.1 7.2 16.7 -16.8"
  />
</svg>

.stroke-edge-btn {
  display: block;
  margin: 5% auto;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  color: #fff;
  background: #7ac142;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.checkmark {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  margin: 10% auto;
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px #7ac142;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke: #fff;
  /* animation: name duration timing-function delay iteration-count direction fill-mode play-state; */
  /* >>> name : animation-name , 规定需要绑定到选择器的 keyframe 名称 */
  /* >>> duration : animation-duration , 规定完成动画所花费的时间，以秒或毫秒计 */
  /* >>> timing-function : animation-timing-function , 规定动画的速度曲线 */
  /* >>> delay : animation-delay , 规定在动画开始之前的延迟 */
  /* >>> iteration-count : animation-iteration-count , 规定动画应该播放的次数 */
  /* >>> direction : animation-direction , 规定是否应该轮流反向播放动画 */
  /* >>> fill-mode : animation-fill-mode , 规定当动画不播放时（当动画完成时，或当动画有一个延迟未开始播放时），要应用到元素的样式 */
  /* >>> play-state : animation-play-state , 指定动画是否正在运行或已暂停 */

  /* animation-fill-mode : 规定动画在播放之前或之后，其动画效果是否可见 */
  /* >>> forwards : 当动画完成后，保持最后一帧的状态 */
  /* >>> backwards : 在 animation-delay 所指定的一段时间内，在动画显示之前，应用开始属性值（在第一个关键帧中定义） */
  /* >>> both : 向前和向后填充模式都被应用 */
  animation: fill 0.4s ease-in-out 0.4s forwards, scale 0.3s ease-in-out 0.9s
      both;
}

.checkmark__circle {
  stroke-dasharray: 166;
  stroke-dashoffset: 166;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke: #7ac142;
  fill: none;
  animation: stroke 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.65, 0, 0.45, 1) forwards;
}

.checkmark__check {
  transform-origin: 50% 50%;
  stroke-dasharray: 48;
  stroke-dashoffset: 48;
  animation: stroke 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.65, 0, 0.45, 1) 0.8s forwards;
}

@keyframes stroke {
  100% {
    stroke-dashoffset: 0;
  }
}
@keyframes scale {
  0%,
  100% {
    transform: none;
  }
  50% {
    transform: scale3d(1.1, 1.1, 1);
  }
}
@keyframes fill {
  100% {
    box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 30px #7ac142;
  }
}

window.onload = function () {
  var strokeEdgeBtnDOM = document.querySelector('.stroke-edge-btn')
  console.log('strokeEdgeBtnDOM: ', strokeEdgeBtnDOM)
  var checkmarkDOM = document.querySelector('.checkmark')
  strokeEdgeBtnDOM.addEventListener('click', function () {
    var checkmarkDOMDisplay = checkmarkDOM.style.display
    console.log('checkmarkDOMDisplay: ', checkmarkDOMDisplay)
    if (checkmarkDOMDisplay === 'block') {
      checkmarkDOM.style.display = 'none'
    } else {
      checkmarkDOM.style.display = 'block'
    }
  })
}

裁剪动画

<div class="svg-crop-wrapper">
  <svg viewBox="0 0 700 400">
    <title>Animated clip-path SVG</title>
    <defs>
      <clipPath id="crop-clipPath-image">
        <circle id="crop-circle-image" cx="100" cy="200" r="60"></circle>
      </clipPath>
    </defs>

    <image
      height="400px"
      width="700px"
      clip-path="url(#crop-clipPath-image)"
      xlink:href="https://cn.bing.com/th?id=OHR.CityPalaceUdaipur_ZH-CN2773121437_1920x1080.jpg&rf=LaDigue_1920x1080.jpg&pid=hp"
    ></image>
  </svg>
</div>

.svg-crop-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 700px;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.svg-crop-visible #crop-clipPath-image #crop-circle-image {
  animation: visible-clippath 1s linear forwards;
}

@keyframes visible-clippath {
  to {
    r: 1364;
  }
}

window.onload = function () {
  var script = document.createElement('script')
  script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript')
  script.setAttribute(
    'src',
    'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@3.6.0/dist/jquery.min.js'
  )
  var heads = document.getElementsByTagName('head')
  if (heads.length) {
    heads[0].appendChild(script)
  } else {
    document.documentElement.appendChild(script)
  }
  script.onload = function () {
    $('.svg-crop-wrapper').click(function () {
      $(this).toggleClass('svg-crop-visible')
    })
  }
}

手写文字动画效果

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  version="1.1"
  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:a="http://ns.adobe.com/AdobeSVGViewerExtensions/3.0/"
  x="0px"
  y="0px"
  width="500"
  height="100"
  viewBox="0 0 500 100"
  style="enable-background: new 0 0 500 100"
  xml:space="preserve"
>
  <defs>
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      d="M391.121,57.068c-0.193,0.193-0.938,1.105-2.232,2.736c-1.297,1.633-2.52,3.023-3.672,4.176s-2.545,2.377-4.176,3.672
c-1.633,1.297-2.52,2.017-2.664,2.16l-3.961,1.008c-2.592,0-3.887-0.982-3.887-2.951l1.943-3.889
c-4.561,4.561-8.16,6.84-10.801,6.84c-1.967,0-2.951-0.982-2.951-2.951c0-1.873,0.984-4.824,2.951-8.856l4.896-6.84l3.961-1.944
h1.943c0,0.675-1.633,3.3-4.896,7.876l-4.896,6.865l-1.008,2.963l1.008,1.951c2.4,0,7.633-5.564,15.697-16.693
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    />
    <path
      d="M417.832,25.681c0,4.086-3.258,9.663-9.768,16.73c-5.557,6.01-10.463,10.576-14.725,13.7l-2.943,5.913
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    />
  </g>
</svg>

.st0 {
  fill: none;
}

.st1 {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #ffffff;
  stroke-width: 7;
  stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}

.st2 {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #ffffff;
  stroke-width: 8;
  stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}

@keyframes draw {
  to {
    stroke-dashoffset: 0;
  }
}
#mymask path {
  stroke-dasharray: 2000px;
  stroke-dashoffset: 2000px;
  animation-name: draw;
  animation-duration: 3s;
  animation-fill-mode: forwards;
  animation-iteration-count: 1;
  animation-timing-function: linear;
  fill: none;
}
/* #mymask path:nth-child(1) {
  animation-delay: .2s;
} */
#mymask path:nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: 0.2s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(3) {
  animation-delay: 0.4s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(4) {
  animation-delay: 0.6s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(5) {
  animation-delay: 0.8s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(6) {
  animation-delay: 1s;
}
/* #mymask path:nth-child(7) {
  animation-delay: 1.2s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(8) {
  animation-delay: 1.4s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(9) {
  animation-delay: 1.6s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(10) {
  animation-delay: 1.8s;
}
#mymask path:nth-child(11) {
  animation-delay: 2s;
} */

渐变显示文字动画效果

<button class="gradient-text-btn">开始动画</button>
<div class="gradient-text-wrapper">
  <svg
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    viewBox="0 0 800 300"
    version="1.1"
  >
    <defs>
      <linearGradient
        id="gradient"
        gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"
        gradientTransform="rotate(0)"
        x2="800"
        y2="0"
      >
        <stop offset="0" stop-color="#FFFFFF" stop-opacity="0" />
        <stop offset="0.25" stop-color="#FFFFFF" stop-opacity="0.25" />
        <stop offset="1" stop-color="#FFFFFF" stop-opacity="1" />
      </linearGradient>
      <mask id="mask" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
        <rect width="800" height="300" fill="url(#gradient)" />
      </mask>
      <text
        id="txt"
        x="400"
        y="150"
        font-family="Arial Black"
        font-size="60"
        text-anchor="middle"
      >
        ISUX AWESOME
      </text>
    </defs>
    <use xlink:href="#txt" fill="#FFDD00" mask="url(#mask)" />
  </svg>
</div>

.gradient-text-btn {
  display: block;
  margin: 5% auto;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  color: #fff;
  background: #7ac142;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.gradient-text-wrapper {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
  -webkit-flex-direction: column;
  -ms-flex-direction: column;
  flex-direction: column;
  -webkit-box-align: center;
  -webkit-align-items: center;
  -ms-flex-align: center;
  align-items: center;
  -webkit-box-pack: center;
  -webkit-justify-content: center;
  -ms-flex-pack: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  background: #261632;
}

window.onload = function () {
  var script = document.createElement('script')
  script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript')
  script.setAttribute(
    'src',
    'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gsap/2.1.2/TweenMax.min.js'
  )
  var heads = document.getElementsByTagName('head')
  if (heads.length) {
    heads[0].appendChild(script)
  } else {
    document.documentElement.appendChild(script)
  }
  script.onload = function () {
    document
      .querySelector('.gradient-text-btn')
      .addEventListener('click', function () {
        gradientTextAnimation()
      })
  }
}

function gradientTextAnimation() {
  // 循环播放动画
  var tl = new TimelineMax({
    repeat: -1,
  })

  // 获取svg中渐变的transform属性
  var gradient = document.getElementById('gradient'),
    gradient_attr = gradient.getAttribute('gradientTransform')

  // 改变渐变transform的rotate属性
  for (var i = 0, l = 360; i <= l; i++) {
    tl.to(gradient, 0.01, {
      attr: {
        gradientTransform: 'rotate(' + -i + ')',
      },
      ease: Linear.easeInOut,
    })
  }
}